1 - Neonatal Division, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central
2 - Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences and Technology of Lisbon
3 - Nutrition Lab, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central
4 - Research Unit, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central.
- Lisbon, Portugal.
- Poster - The 2nd International Conference on Nutrition and Growth, Barcelona, 17/03/2014
- American Journal of Perinatology 2014;31:875-881
Objective: To evaluate the effect of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), energy and macronutrient intakes during pregnancy, and gestational weight gain (GWG) on the body composition of full-term appropriate-for-gestational age neonates.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study of a systematically recruited convenience sample of mother-infant pairs. Food intake during pregnancy was assessed by food frequency questionnaire and its nutritional value by the Food Processor Plus®. Neonatal body composition was assessed both by anthropometry and air displacement plethismography. Explanatory models for neonatal body composition were tested by multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: 100 mother-infant pairs were included. Prepregnancy overweight was positively associated with offspring weight, weight/length, BMI, and fat-free mass in the whole sample; in males, it was also positively associated with midarm circumference, ponderal index, and fat mass. Higher energy intake from carbohydrate was positively associated with midarm circumference and weight/length in the whole sample. Higher GWG was positively associated with weight, length, and midarm circumference in females.
Conclusion: Positive adjusted associations were found between both prepregnancy BMI and energy intake from carbohydrate and offspring body size in the whole sample. Positive adjusted associations were also found between prepregnancy overweight and adiposity in males, and between GWG and body size in females.
Key-words: air displacement plethismography, anthropometry, body composition, maternal nutritional status, neonate.