1 - Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa;
2 - Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa;
3 - Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital São José, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa;
4 - Serviço de Radiologia, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa;
- Publicação sob a forma de poster electrónico EPOS da European Society of Radiology no European Congress of Radiology 2021 (3/3/2021-7/3/2021)
Resumo:
Introduction: The neonatal period is the most sensitive period of childhood: of all deaths occurring in the first 5 years of life, 47% occur in the first 28 days of life and 30% of these occur in the first 24 hours of life, with respiratory diseases being among the leading causes of death. Several physiological adjustments are necessary in the transition to aerobic respiration. If this adaptation is inadequate, respiratory distress may occur and lead to NICU hospitalisation, mechanical ventilation and prolonged oxygen therapy.
Objectives: To know the peculiarities of chest radiography (CXR) in healthy newborns; To identify, on CXR, the medical devices used in the assessment of severely ill newborns; To review the radiographic pattern of the diseases responsible for neonatal acute respiratory distress; To detect complications of therapies applied in neonatal intensive care units (NICU).
Materials and methods: Bibliographical research, review, and selection of the most relevant articles about radiological assessment of the new-born’s chest radiograph. Selection of original sample images of radiological studies of newborn patients treated in a tertiary hospital.
Results: The main radiographic findings concerning new-born’s pulmonary disease are presented with practical tips on the assessment of these patient’s radiographs.
Conclusions: New-born CXR has several peculiarities that must be recognised. The evaluation of the correct positioning of medical devices is one of the main indications of the thoracoabdominal radiographic study of newborns. The radiographic pattern and the clinical context are essential in the aetiological investigation of neonatal respiratory distress. The detection of therapeutic complications is another key role of the CXR in newborn infants.
Palavras Chave: Pediatria, Radiografia, Recém-nascido, Radiologia, Tórax