1- Serviço de Imunoalergologi, Hospital Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE, Lisboa;.
2- CEDOC, Integrated Pathophysiological Mechanisms Research Group, Nova Medical School, Lisboa, Portugal
- XXXVI European Academy of Allergology Clinical Immunology, Helsínquia, 17-21 Junho 2017
- Apresentação como poster; publicação de resumo
- Reunião Internacional- XXXVI European Academy of Allergology Clinical Immunology, Helsínquia, 17-21 Junho 2017
- Apresentação como poster; publicação de resumo
- Reunião Internacional
Resumo:
Introduction: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Patch testing is the criterion standard diag- nostic tool for confirming the diagnosis of ACD in both children and adults. Few studies have recently evaluated frequent relevant aller- gens in pediatric ACD.
Objectives: Determine the frequency of sensitizations to allergens in children referred for patch testing.
Material and Methods: We carried out a retrospective case ser- ies analysis of 21 children under 18 years old who performed patch tests using a standard series of 30 allergens (Portuguese Group for the study of Contact Dermatitis) between 2009 and 2016. Some patients were tested with personal products. Frequency of sensitization and the main sensitizing substances were evaluated. Demographic data and concomitant allergic diseases were assessed. Patients with positive skin prick test (SPT) for aeroallergens were considered atopic.
Results: Sensitization was found in 14 of the 21 children tested (67%). 81% were female; median age 14 years (min 8; max 18); 16 performed SPT and 10 had positive results (62%); 12 had rhinitis/ rhinoconjunctivitis, 7 had asthma and 3 had atopic eczema. Patch testing with personal products was performed in 5 patients and was negative, in all of them. The most frequent positive reactions were to nickel (78.6% n = 11), cobalt chloride (28.5% n = 4), ca ınas mix (21.4% n = 3); fragrance mix (14.3% n = 2) p-Phenylenediamine (14.3% n = 2). Nine patients (64% of patients with positive results) had more than one positive reaction and all of them were positive to nickel. Of the 11 patients sensitized to nickel, 10 were female and the eczema was localized predominantly to the periumbilical area, hands and eyelids. All patients sensitized to cobalt chloride were female, three were sensitized to other allergens and the eyelids were the most common localization.
Conclusions: We concluded that the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to specific relevant allergens is common in children referred for patch testing. The sensitizations found in our sample are in concordance with the published data.
Palavras Chave: Contact dermatitis; contact allergens